A Research Series

Minnesota by the Numbers — 14 articles built from primary sources on the economy, fraud, public safety, health care, housing, and schools. Start here →

Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota's Legislature Writes Organizations' Names Into Its Budget and Carries Them Forward Like Furniture. The Name Is the Only Condition.

Minnesota's Legislature writes organizations' names directly into its budget laws, 1,122 times from 2021 to 2026, and the lines in this piece carry no condition that would stop the money. I screened 502 organizations. I didn't find a hidden fraud ring. I found a Legislature that kept restating lines after the state's own watchdogs had put a problem on paper, and agencies that paid because the law said to. Here's the record, the other side's case, and the sentence that fixes it.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

The Attorney General Sued a Dead Nonprofit That Paid Its Founder's Company to Do the Work. Kaiser Permanente's Health Plan Paid One Medical Group 3,500 Times as Much. That's Missing the Forest for the Trees.

On October 1 the Attorney General's office sued Refocus Recovery, a peer-recovery nonprofit that stopped operating in September 2024, for passing nearly all its Medicaid money to its founder's for-profit company. The allegations are serious and unproven. But the structure isn't the scandal. Kaiser Permanente's nonprofit health plan paid one medical group $16.2 billion in 2024. The forest is a Minnesota rule that only lets a nonprofit bill Medicaid as a recovery community organization, so a for-profit that wanted in had to build one. The complaint leans on Refocus's tax return for its numbers and never mentions what that return says about recusal. Here's the record, the other side's case, and a fix.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

CNN Asked Keith Ellison Why He Goes on Trips Sponsored by Corporate Lobbyists. That Was 18 Months Ago. His Office Still Hasn't Said Who Paid, and Minnesota's Disclosure Form Never Asks About Travel by Name.

A CNN clip of Attorney General Keith Ellison cutting off a question about sponsored travel is circulating again. The reporting is from March 2025. CNN asked why he goes on trips sponsored by corporate lobbyists. The records it reported raise the questions that matter more, who paid, who was there and what was discussed, and I can't find that his office has ever answered them. Minnesota's statement of economic interest never asks about travel by name; the honorarium line is the one place it might reach. Wisconsin's form asks. The U.S. House makes members file within 15 days. Here's the record, the other side's best case, and a fix that costs nothing.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Built a Court Where You Can Sue for $20,000 Without a Lawyer, for $65 Plus Your County's Law Library Fee. Last Year 61,393 Cases Were Filed in It.

Every Minnesota county is required to run a conciliation court. The jurisdictional limit is $20,000 — raised from $15,000 in 2024 — the court administrator has to help you fill out the form, and a lawyer is optional. In 2025, 61,393 conciliation cases were filed, up 63 percent since 2021. There is a second, much lower limit that only binds the creditor suing you. There are four numbers the state does not publish. And there is one thing this forum cannot do for you at all.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Has One General Service-Contract Statute. It Tells an Uninsured Seller to Print 'Full Faith and Credit of the Provider,' the State Guaranty Fund Excludes Even the Insured Version, and the Phrase 'Home Service Contract' Appears Nowhere in Minnesota Law.

Chapter 59B exempts service-contract sellers from state licensing and from every provision of the insurance code but one. Its definition of a protected buyer is keyed to tangible personal property — which a furnace bolted into a house is not, and which Congress fixed in 1975 with a 25-word parenthetical Minnesota never copied. Whether a home warranty is inside the chapter at all is unresolved on the face of the statute. Here is what the text says, and what it withholds.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Law Lets an Association Charge a Hail Deductible to the Owners of the Units That Got Hit, 'In Any Reasonable Manner,' With No Cap and No Owner Vote. In 2026 the Legislature Rewrote the Warning Label and Left the Rule Exactly Where It Was.

Two separate 2026 acts rewrote the Minnesota Common Interest Ownership Act. One of them amended the insurance section itself — and did not touch the sentence that decides who pays a deductible. The other added a loss-assessment warning to the annual report and the resale certificate. Here is the mechanism, what changed, what did not, and why no public Minnesota dataset can tell you how much money moves through it.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

There Is a Federal Rule That Guarantees You an Itemized Funeral Price List. It Does Not Require Anyone to Post It Anywhere, Which Is Why You Have Never Seen One — and Minnesota Quietly Requires More Than the Feds Do

The FTC Funeral Rule took effect in 1984 and was last revised in 1994, and the Commission itself says it reaches only in-person visitors — no website, no posting, nothing you can look up in advance. Minnesota's chapter 149A goes further than the federal rule in at least nine specific ways, including covering cemeteries and headstones, which the FTC declined to reach. Who enforces what, and what the numbers can and cannot tell you.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Has Had a Civil Cause of Action for Fabricated Intimate Images Since August 2023 — a Civil Penalty Up to $100,000, Attorney Fees, and Mandatory Confidential Filings. Three Years On, I Cannot Find One Minnesota Decision That Has Construed It.

Everyone has heard about Minnesota's criminal election-deepfake law, because the tech companies sued over it. Almost nobody has heard about section 604.32, the civil claim the same 2023 bill created for a person whose face is put on a fabricated sex image. I read all nine subdivisions, and then I went looking for who has used it — which turns out to be a harder question than it sounds, because Minnesota does not publish an answer.

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Who the Law Helps, Who It Hurts

The Minnesota School Districts With the Most Money Per Pupil Have the Lowest Reading Scores. That Is the Funding Formula Working — and It Is Why the Public Data Cannot Tell You Whether the Formula Works.

Across 273 Minnesota school systems in school year 2017-18 — the most recent year both federal files can be joined — the correlation between revenue per pupil and reading proficiency is negative, −0.45. That is not a finding about money. It is an artifact of a formula that sends dollars toward measured need: economic disadvantage alone explains 62 percent of the district-level variation in reading, and adding revenue to the model moves the explained share from 0.645 to 0.649. What the public files can and cannot answer, which dataset would answer it, and who would have to publish it.

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Who the Law Helps, Who It Hurts

Minnesota Orders Hospitals to Screen You for Charity Care, Help You Apply, and Halt Collections While the Application Is Pending. It Never Says Who Qualifies.

The charity-care statute sets no income line — the hospital's own policy does. The one income number in Minnesota's charity-care law, 275 percent of the federal poverty guideline, is a reporting category in an administrative rule, not a right. The screening duty reaches uninsured patients and hospitals, not insured patients and not clinics. And the state's own hospital file shows $202.8 million written off as bad debt in 2024 rather than as charity care.

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Who the Law Helps, Who It Hurts

One Minnesota County Has No Nursing Home. Seventeen Have Exactly One. The Health Department Already Ranks All 87 and Posts the Ranking as an Attachment to an Application Form.

Red Lake County has zero certified nursing homes. Seventeen more counties have one building each, at a median of 46 beds, and nine of those seventeen have already lost one since 2012. But the closures do not track population loss — in all 40 counties that lost a nursing home, the 65-and-over population was larger in 2024 than in 2020. What separates the counties is not who closed. It is who got replaced.

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Who the Law Helps, Who It Hurts

Minnesota Raised the Homestead Exemption by $30,000 on July 1. It Raised the Family Car by $200. The Same Statute Did Both.

One adjustment formula governs the homestead, the car, the tools, and the wildcard. On July 1, 2026 it moved the homestead cap 5.9 percent and the ordinary motor-vehicle cap 2.0 percent, because each raise is a slice of a base amount and the car's base is still $2,000. Two exemptions are excluded from the formula by name and have sat at $13,000 since 1989 — down 62.7 percent in purchasing power. And the state's own notice of the new figures was wrong twice before it was right.

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Who the Law Helps, Who It Hurts

Minnesota Law Requires the State to Post Where Its Fixed License-Plate Cameras Are. I Downloaded All 747 Published Locations as of September 10, 2026 and Checked Who Lives Underneath Them.

Minn. Stat. § 13.824 requires the BCA to post the locations of fixed automated license plate readers on its website, and it does: as of September 10, 2026, 116 agencies, 747 named locations, 17 more withheld as security information. Statewide, camera density tracks city size, not race. Inside Minneapolis, the 28 mappable readers sit in tracts that are 39.0 percent non-Hispanic white against 58.0 percent citywide — and once you hold the arterial and the reported crime rate constant, that gap disappears. The disclosure law works. The published list is still a text file with no coordinates, no counts, and no dates.

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Who the Law Helps, Who It Hurts

Two-Thirds of the People in Minnesota's Jails Have Not Been Convicted of Anything. The Rules Require Judges to Offer a Price.

Minnesota's pretrial share of the jail population climbed from 50 percent in 2010 to 68 percent in 2019. The Rules of Criminal Procedure require a judge to set a cash figure that buys release with no conditions at all, which means the same defendant walks or stays depending on what is in the bank. Jail rates per 100,000: 107 white, 685 Black, 1,255 Native American. And a rule already on the books that nobody enforces.

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Who the Law Helps, Who It Hurts

Minnesota Charges the Same $75 to a Surgeon and a Line Cook. Then It Tells the Judge the Fine Underneath It Cannot Be Waived.

A flat fee is a percentage that shrinks as income rises. Minnesota's $75 conviction surcharge is identical for a felony and a petty misdemeanor, the minimum fine underneath it is fixed at 30 percent of the statutory maximum and by law cannot be waived, and getting a revoked license back can cost $680. Minnesota already fixed the worst piece of this. Here is what is left, and the fix the state has already written into another statute.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Your Lease Is a Contract. Chapter 504B Is the Law. Most of What a Minnesota Renter Actually Has Was Never Printed in the Lease — and Some of It Is Five Weeks Old.

Minnesota's landlord-tenant chapter runs to nearly a hundred sections, and a long list of them cannot be waived by anything a tenant signs. A landlord must send a specific 14-day letter with six specific things in it before filing for nonpayment. An eviction record comes off the public file by operation of statute in five situations, no motion required. And on August 1, 2026, the rent-payment rules changed. This is what the statutes say, not advice about anyone's situation.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Licenses 52 Companies That Sit Between You and Your Pharmacist, Requires Them to Report What They Keep, and Then Publishes Those Reports With the Companies' Names Removed

Chapter 62W makes pharmacy benefit managers hold a state license, disclose the spread, and stop clawing back money from pharmacies and from you. It does not ban spread pricing. And the annual transparency report Commerce publishes is unaudited and anonymous — twelve of the thirty reports filed for 2024 say the company kept nothing. Here is how the money actually moves, what Minnesota law reaches, and where federal law stops it.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Never Told a Nursing Home How Many People to Put on the Night Shift. It Set a Wage Floor Instead — and After Twenty-Three Months, a Federal Sign-Off, and a Line in the Medicaid Budget, That Floor Takes Effect Thursday.

State law requires two hours of nursing personnel per resident per 24 hours and a nurse on site eight hours a day. It does not say who is on the floor at 2 a.m. Minnesota's answer to that question is not a staffing ratio — it is a nine-member wage board, and on September 10 its floors finally reach a paycheck. Four in ten Minnesota nursing home workers still leave within a year, and raising the floor bills a state that has already capped what it will pay.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Set a Goal for Its Groundwater in 1989. In the Karst Country of the Southeast, the Law's Escalator to Mandatory Rules Runs Off Public Wells — and 93,805 People There Drink From Private Ones.

Chapter 103H says groundwater should be kept free from degradation caused by human activities, and it builds a ladder from voluntary practices to enforceable orders. The Groundwater Protection Rule wired the top of that ladder to public wells. In eight southeast counties, the people at risk are on private wells. Eleven organizations petitioned EPA in 2023 to force the issue. Here is exactly what EPA did, what it did not do, and what the state's own quarterly numbers show through March 31, 2026.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Made the Advertised Price the Price You Pay — Then Wrote Nine More Paragraphs Around It, and Left the Number Itself Alone

Since January 1, 2025, advertising a price that leaves out a mandatory fee has been a deceptive trade practice in Minnesota. The prohibition is one sentence. The qualifications run nine paragraphs and three industry exemptions. I read all of it, because the carve-outs are where the money is — and because nothing in this law makes anything cheaper.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Eight States and the District of Columbia Went to Federal Court to Stop the Largest Supermarket Merger in American History, and Minnesota Was Not in the Caption — Which Is Strange, Because Minnesota Has Had Its Own Antitrust Statute Since 1971

A $24.6 billion grocery merger was blocked in Portland in December 2024 by the FTC and nine state and district plaintiffs. Minnesota was not one of them. Minnesota's own antitrust law has been on the books for fifty-five years, it awards treble damages to shoppers who never bought a thing from the defendant, and it hands the Attorney General discovery power before a complaint is ever filed. This is an argument about the tool, not about the man holding it.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Has a Gift-Card Statute and a Vulnerable-Adult Statute, and Neither One Was Written for the Phone Call That Empties Your Mother's Checking Account

The gift-card scam runs on a script, and the script is the most useful thing anyone can hand you. Minnesota's gift-certificate law regulates fees and expiration dates — it says nothing about fraud. The financial-exploitation crime is real, but 'vulnerable adult' is a defined term, and most independently living retirees do not meet it. Here is what the statutes actually do, what reaches the caller, and why the money is almost never coming back.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Priced a Wrongly Taken Year of a Person's Life at $50,000 in 2014 and Has Not Changed the Number Since — and Even After You Win, the State Does Not Have to Pay You

Minnesota is one of the states that compensates people it wrongly imprisoned. The Incarceration and Exoneration Remedies Act sets a floor of $50,000 per year of incarceration, a figure the Legislature wrote in 2014 and has never adjusted. In twelve years the state has appropriated money to pay seventeen people a total of $9,214,999.36. And the statute still routes a won award back to the Legislature 'for consideration as an appropriation,' which means winning and getting paid are two different events.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Passed Two Gun Laws in 2023, and Almost Every Argument I Hear About Them Describes a Statute That Does Not Exist: One Is Not Confiscation, the Other Is Not a Registry, and the Hardest Problem Is Buried in a Subdivision Nobody Quotes

Minnesota's red-flag law and its private-transfer background check have been argued about for three years by people quoting each other instead of the text. I pulled both statutes raw and read every subdivision. The red-flag law is not seizure on an anonymous tip — the list of who may petition is closed and short. The transfer law is not a registry — the record stays in your hands, not the state's. And there is a real due-process problem in the emergency order that neither side is being honest about.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Did Not Pass a Hair Law. It Changed the Definition of Race — and That One Sentence Moved Braids, Locs, and Twists Inside the Human Rights Act

In 2023 Minnesota added twenty-four words to the definitions section of the Human Rights Act. It did not write a grooming statute. It put hair texture and hair styles inside the word 'race,' which runs through the Act's employment, public-accommodations, education, housing, and public-services provisions. That changes what a worker sent home over her hair is holding. It does not change what she still has to prove, and Minnesota does not publish a single number telling us whether anyone has used it.

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Who the Law Helps, Who It Hurts

Who Gets Sentenced in Minnesota: A Black Adult Is Six Times as Likely as a White Adult to Be Sentenced for a Felony. The Judge Is Not Where That Happens.

The Sentencing Guidelines Commission's own 2024 tables: 1,243 Black adults sentenced per 100,000, against 201 white; American Indians at 1,809. Yet at the sentencing hearing, judges cut prison time below the guideline more often for Black defendants than white ones. The disparity is built upstream, in who gets charged and in the guideline grid itself. What the numbers show, what they can't, and what to change.

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Minnesota, the Ethical-AI Capital

The University of Minnesota Is Not the Largest Research University in the Country. It Is Twenty-First — and Twenty-First, Plus Fifty-Four College Campuses in Towns Nobody Else Is Bidding For, Is a Better Hand Than the Story We Keep Telling Ourselves

Minnesotans repeat a flattering line about the U that does not survive ten minutes with a federal spreadsheet. Here is the real number — $1.41 billion, twenty-first in the country — and why the real number is still the argument. The asset almost nobody counts is the other one: a 54-campus state college system that reaches the parts of Minnesota no data center ever will.

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Minnesota, the Ethical-AI Capital

There Is No \"Hugging Face Hack.\" There Are Five, They Happened Five Different Ways, and the Differences Are the Whole Argument for Building AI Somewhere That Checks

The AI inside the software your hospital, your bank, and your school district buy was mostly downloaded free from a public library of models. That library has had at least five separate security incidents in three years — leaked keys, malicious files, an evaded scanner, a breached platform, and a backdoor hidden in the math itself. The defenses that followed were fast and real, and there is now a scanner that looks for the last of the five. A scanner is not a proof. That gap is a market, and Minnesota should own it.

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Minnesota, the Ethical-AI Capital

Minnesota Already Wrote the Hardest Sentence in American AI Law. The Bill That Would Have Finished the Job Died in Committee, and the Word That Killed It Was Voluntary.

Minnesota gives you the right to demand why an automated system turned you down, see the data behind it, and have the decision run again on corrected facts. Then the same statute exempts the banks, the insurers, and the employment file — most of the industries that do the turning down. Here is what a Minnesota AI standard would say, built out of the law we already have and the gap we already left, and what our Legislature's near-miss got right and got wrong.

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Minnesota, the Ethical-AI Capital

A Minnesota AI Fund Is Exactly the Kind of Program That Becomes a Slush Fund, and the Only Thing That Stops It Is Not a Promise — It Is Merit Review, Published Results, and an Expiration Date

Minnesota won a federal Tech Hub designation in 2023 and got none of the $504 million that followed. The state runs an AI governance subcommittee and has announced an AI fraud-detection pilot, and neither one funds research. I am not going to name an appropriation — that number belongs in a bill drafted by people who cost it. What I will argue is the structure that has to come attached to it before the number matters at all.

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Minnesota, the Ethical-AI Capital

Austin Won the Two Biggest Prizes in American Technology, and Both of Them Are Gone — What Stayed Behind Is the Part Minnesota Should Be Copying

Austin landed MCC in 1983 and SEMATECH five years later, and people have been citing it as the model for regional tech development ever since. I've cited it myself. Both of those wins ended: MCC's board voted to dissolve it in 2000, and SEMATECH moved its headquarters to Albany in 2007 after New York offered more than Texas matched. What left was the part that had been bought. What stayed was the part that had been built into people.

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Minnesota, the Ethical-AI Capital

A Machine Does Exactly What You Told It to Value, and Nothing You Forgot to Mention: Why Ethics Has to Be Written Into AI Before It Ships, Not Bolted On After

The famous paperclip story is twenty-three years old, usually misquoted, and has taken serious published criticism I give here in full. What survives it is the part a state should care about: nobody can currently prove that a large AI system does what its builders intended and nothing else. That is an engineering problem with real results and real limits — and Minnesota buys these systems.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: Code Ethics Into AI Here, and Make Minnesota the Place the World Comes to Build It Right

Artificial intelligence is the biggest economic and safety question of the next decade, and Minnesota is sitting on the assets to lead it: one of the largest research universities in the country and a statewide network of state colleges. Austin built a tech capital around a university. We can build the North's — around the thing the industry is most desperate for and least able to supply on its own: trust.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: You Can't Subsidize Your Way to Child Care That Doesn't Exist. Fix the Supply.

Subsidize demand' versus 'government shouldn't be in it' both miss the problem: in much of Minnesota there is no child care to buy at any price. Treat it as the workforce infrastructure it is — right-size the rules that make a small provider impossible, back shared-services networks so a home provider isn't also a lone accountant, and bring employers in. Same logic as the rent piece: fix supply.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Even Donald Trump Says Credit Card Rates Are a Scam. On That, He's Right — and the Fine Print Makes Sure You Can't Do Anything About It.

When a Democrat consumer lawyer and Donald Trump agree that the credit card industry is fleecing people, it's not a left-or-right issue — it's an everyone-versus-the-industry issue. Sky-high rates, junk fees, and an arbitration clause that hides it all and blocks you from fighting back. Here's the whole machine, and what a state can actually do about it.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: We Legalized Cannabis and Kept Making the Same Traffic Stops. Fix the Enforcement, Not Just the Law.

The cannabis debate is 'legalize more, faster' versus 'the rollout is a mess, crack down.' Both miss the scandal this series already surfaced: thousands of racially lopsided charges for cannabis in a vehicle under a traffic statute that survived legalization. Close that gap, unstick the social-equity and tribal licenses, and make the legal market actually work.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: Half Our Kids Can't Read at Grade Level. Fund What Teaches Them To — and Let Families Walk Toward It.

More school funding' versus 'vouchers' is the wrong fight. Reading is the one outcome that predicts everything else, and Minnesota already passed the law requiring evidence-based instruction. My position: enforce it, publish every school's results plainly, supercharge public open enrollment so a family can leave a failing school, and tie a slice of funding to actual reading gains. Accountability inside the public system — not an exit from it.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: A Centralized Power Grid Is a Target. A Distributed One Is a Defense. Home Power Production Is National Security.

Keep the clean-energy goal, but tie the pace to a public reliability-and-affordability dashboard. And make the case conservatives should already be making: a grid built around a few giant plants and substations is a single point of failure — one attack, one storm, one cyber-intrusion from the dark. Rooftop solar, batteries, and microgrids aren't a climate program. They're resilience. That's a security argument, and it's one everyone can sign.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Corporations Wrote 'You Must Fight Us One at a Time.' Then Lawyers Filed 280,000 Cases at Once — and the Companies Begged for a Class Action.

The same clause that locks you out of court can be turned into a weapon against the companies that wrote it. Mass arbitration, the 2022 sexual-harassment carve-out, and a debt-collection hypocrisy that Minnesota can attack head-on. The hopeful chapter of the arbitration story — and the agenda a state attorney general can actually run.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: A License Should Protect the Public, Not the People Already Inside the Door

Occupational licensing is sold as consumer protection, and sometimes it is. Too often it's a guild — a wall that keeps out the immigrant, the military spouse, the person leaving prison, and the worker who learned the trade in another state. Recognize legitimate licenses by default, sunset the ones that guard insiders, and keep the ones that actually guard safety. It's progressive and deregulatory at the same time.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: On Homelessness, Fund What Works and Defund What Doesn't — Compassion Has to Show Its Receipts

The homelessness debate is 'unconditional housing forever' versus 'sweep the camps,' and neither is a plan. Mine: rapid shelter and housing paired with real engagement — treatment, case management — and every dollar tied to one outcome, cost per person housed and kept housed. Turn the money toward what works and off the contracts that just perpetuate themselves.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

There Is a Clause in Your Credit Card Agreement That Already Took Away Your Right to a Jury. You Never Agreed to It, and You Can't Refuse It.

Forced arbitration is the fine-print clause that quietly cancels your Seventh Amendment right to sue in court and hands your case to a private judge the company picks. More than 85 million American workers and hundreds of millions of consumers are bound by it. Here is how a 1925 law for merchants became the most powerful shield corporations have — drawn from my book, The Rigged Court.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: If You Build a Product to Hook a Twelve-Year-Old, You Owe That Twelve-Year-Old a Duty — and Minnesota Should Enforce It

The kids-and-screens debate bounces between 'ban the app' panic and 'that's the parents' problem.' Here's a lawyer's fix instead: platforms serving Minnesota minors owe them a duty of loyalty — designed for the child's interest, not maximum engagement — enforceable by the Attorney General. We already impose that duty on everyone else entrusted with something precious.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: Minnesota Is One of the Biggest Health-Care Buyers in the State. It Should Stop Acting Like a Helpless Patient.

Skip the single-payer-versus-free-market fight. The state already buys an enormous share of Minnesota's health care — Medicaid, MinnesotaCare, public employees. Use that leverage: demand real all-payer price transparency, pay reference prices, and refuse to keep signing secret contracts. That's not ideology. It's what any large customer does.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

A Bank Admitted in Writing That My Account Was Drained by a Forged Check. Then It Sent Me to a Private Arbitrator — Who Turned Out to Work for the Other Side.

Forced arbitration's cruelest feature isn't that you usually lose. It's that it's secret. No public record, no precedent, no pattern exposed — so the same fraud runs on the next person, and the next. This is how arbitration hides what banks and credit card companies do to people, told partly through my own case.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

The People Who Pack Your Orders and Cut Your Meat Are Getting Hurt at Brutal Rates. Minnesota Now Requires Employers to Engineer the Injuries Out.

Warehouse, meatpacking, and hospital work destroys bodies — repetitive-motion injuries, wrecked backs, torn shoulders. Minnesota's 2023 ergonomics law makes large employers in those three industries build real injury-prevention programs. It's a quiet, physical kind of worker protection, and it targets exactly the jobs that are booming.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: The Crime Debate Is Wrong. The Problem Isn't Too Soft or Too Harsh — It's That Most Crimes Are Never Solved.

Defund' versus 'lock everyone up' is an argument about punishment. The real scandal is clearance rates: most crimes, including serious ones, never result in anyone being identified, let alone charged. A crime with no consequence isn't reform and isn't toughness — it's impunity. Fund investigation, measure cases solved, and the rest of the debate gets a lot smaller.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Uber and Lyft Threatened to Leave Minnesota. Instead, the State Set a Pay Floor for Drivers — $1.28 a Mile and 31 Cents a Minute — and They Stayed.

For the first time, Minnesota rideshare drivers have a legally guaranteed minimum: a per-mile and per-minute rate, a $5 floor per trip, tips on top, and pay owed even when the app fails to collect the fare. The companies said the state couldn't do this without driving them out. It could, it did, and they're still here.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: The Right Is Settled in Minnesota. If You Actually Want Fewer Abortions, Make It Affordable to Say Yes to a Child.

Minnesota settled the legal question by statute in 2023, and I defend that right without qualification. Then I want to change the subject to the thing that actually reduces abortions — and that both sides can work on: making it possible to afford a child. Contraception, prenatal and postpartum support, child care, and a humane adoption path.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: Catch the Fraud, Cut the Check — A Cost-of-Living Dividend Funded by the Cheats

Every dollar Minnesota claws back from fraud, overpayment, and waste should go straight back to Minnesotans as a visible, universal rebate. It turns anti-fraud enforcement into something that pays you directly, gives government efficiency a constituency instead of a slogan, and ends the tired raise-taxes-versus-cut-taxes loop.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Since January 2025, a Minnesota Job Ad Has to Tell You What It Pays. It Sounds Small. It Quietly Rebalances Every Negotiation.

Minnesota now requires employers with 30 or more workers to put a real salary range in every job posting — no more open-ended ranges, no more 'competitive pay.' It's one of the cheapest, most popular worker protections there is, and it does more against the gender and racial pay gap than a dozen speeches.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Call a Worker an 'Independent Contractor' and You Can Skip Their Overtime, Their Workers' Comp, and Their Taxes. Minnesota Just Made That a Lot More Expensive to Do.

Misclassification — labeling an employee a 'contractor' to dodge the obligations of employing them — cheats the worker, the honest competitor who plays by the rules, and every taxpayer. It's rampant in construction. Minnesota's strengthened 2024 law raises the penalties and puts the people who run the scheme personally on the hook.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: Local Police Work for Minnesota, Not Washington — Remove the Dangerous, Protect the Contributing

A common-sense immigration position for a state that can't set immigration law but can decide how its own police spend their time. Local officers exist to keep the community safe, not to run federal errands. If someone is genuinely violent and removal is the tool, use it. Everyone else — the neighbor who works, pays taxes, and raises kids here — we actively protect. That's a Minnesota value.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

A Million-Dollar Buyer Can Evict a Whole Neighborhood at Once. Minnesota Gives Manufactured-Home Park Residents a Chance to Buy the Ground First.

Manufactured-home parks are some of the last naturally affordable housing in Minnesota — and their residents own their homes but rent the land underneath. That's a trap: an investor buys the park, raises the lot rent or closes it, and homes that can't really be moved become worthless. Minnesota's law gives residents notice, relocation compensation, and a shot at buying the park themselves.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: The Gun Deal That Can Actually Be Negotiated and Won

The gun debate is stuck because both sides keep arguing about the rifle while most Minnesotans who die by a gun die by their own hand. Here's a negotiation, not a wish list: three terms a serious gun owner can sign, each one traded for something the other side actually wants. Aim the policy at the real deaths, and give the other side the due process it's right to demand.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: Stop Saying 'Men's Sports.' Call It the Open Category, and Most of This Fight Disappears.

The trans-athlete debate is two groups talking past each other — one in the language of biology, the other in the language of identity. Here's a fix that doesn't require either side to surrender its vocabulary: keep the women's category protected, and rename the other one what it already is — Open. Then decide the hard edges by age, stakes, and sport, not from the Capitol.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Made It a Crime to Spread an Election Deepfake. Then the Tech Companies and a Satirist Sued, and the Hardest Question in American Law Showed Up: Where Does a Lie End and Speech Begin?

Minnesota's law bans knowingly spreading AI-generated 'deep fakes' of candidates near an election. It's an early, serious attempt to defend democracy from synthetic media. It's also being challenged on First Amendment grounds by a satirist, by Elon Musk's X, and by xAI. This one has no easy answer, and I won't pretend it does.

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Where Dave Stands

Where I Stand: Rent Control That Rewards Building Instead of Fighting It

Hard rent caps choke the new housing that actually lowers rents — economists across the spectrum agree on that. Doing nothing leaves sitting tenants exposed to gouging. My position splits the difference on purpose: protect the tenant who's already there, exempt new construction so we never punish building, and give renters a real shot at owning.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Built a Board With the Power to Say a Drug Costs Too Much — and Cap What Gets Paid for It. The Drug Industry Is Fighting Boards Like It Everywhere.

The insulin law rescued one medicine. The Prescription Drug Affordability Board is the systemic version: an expert panel that can review the most expensive drugs and set an upper limit on what's paid for them in Minnesota. It's a genuinely new kind of power over pharma — and the statute even includes a severability clause, because everyone knew the lawsuits were coming.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

In Minnesota, a Corporation Generally Can't Own a Farm. It's a Century-Old Idea Worth Defending — and It's Only as Strong as Its Enforcement.

Minnesota is one of a handful of states that still bans most corporations and investment funds from owning farmland or farming it. The law exists to protect the family farm as the basic unit of rural life. The threats to it aren't foreign — they're the loopholes, the shell entities, and whether anyone is actually watching.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Want the Flock Cameras to Stop Knowing Where You Go? Put Your Car in a Trust. Of Course, Only People Who Can Afford a Lawyer Get to Do That.

There's a real trick to defeat license-plate surveillance: title your car to a trust or LLC, so a plate lookup returns the entity, not your name. The wealthy already do it. But it costs money most people don't have — which turns privacy into a luxury good. The answer isn't to make everyone hire a lawyer. It's to regulate the surveillance.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Your Boss Can No Longer Force You Into a Meeting About Politics or Religion — Including the Mandatory Anti-Union Meeting. Minnesota Banned the 'Captive Audience.

Minnesota now makes it illegal to discipline or fire a worker for refusing to attend an employer meeting about the boss's political or religious opinions — the classic 'captive audience' meeting used to pressure workers during union drives. It's a free-speech-for-workers law, and it's being contested nationally on exactly that ground.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

You Renewed Your Driver's License. In Minnesota, You Probably Just Registered to Vote — Unless You Chose Not To.

Minnesota's automatic voter registration flips the default: eligible people are registered when they interact with the DMV or state health programs, with citizenship verified, unless they opt out. It's a quiet, secure way to keep the rolls accurate and complete — and it deserves a fair accounting of both what it does and what critics fear.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

You Don't Get to Choose the Company That Handles Your Student Loans. Minnesota Now Makes Them Get a License to Do It.

The student-loan servicer — the middleman who takes your payment and is supposed to get you into the right repayment or forgiveness plan — has a long record of misapplied payments and bad advice, and you never picked them. Minnesota's Student Loan Borrower Bill of Rights makes servicers get a state license and answer to the Commissioner of Commerce and the Attorney General.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Since 2024, Every Worker in Minnesota Earns Paid Sick Time. Before That, Nearly a Million Had None.

Minnesota's Earned Sick and Safe Time law gives every employee one hour of paid leave for every 30 hours worked — usable when you're sick, when your kid is sick, or when you're fleeing domestic violence. It's a quiet, sweeping change most people still don't know they're covered by. Here's how it works, including the part small businesses are right to find hard.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

You Bought It. You Own It. Minnesota Says You — or Anyone You Choose — Can Fix It.

Minnesota's Digital Fair Repair Act, one of the first broad right-to-repair laws in the country, forces electronics makers to sell the same parts, tools, and manuals to you and your corner repair shop that they give their own authorized technicians. Here's what it covers, what it pointedly doesn't, and why the fight isn't over.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

In Minnesota, You Get Your Vote Back the Day You Walk Out of Prison — Not Years Later. The Court Let the Law Stand, but Left the Big Question Unanswered.

The 2023 Restore the Vote Act re-enfranchised more than 50,000 Minnesotans by restoring the vote the moment a person leaves incarceration, instead of making them finish years of probation first. Challengers said it violated the state constitution. The Minnesota Supreme Court left the law in place in 2024 — but on standing, without deciding the constitutional question.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

A Payday Loan in Minnesota Can't Legally Cost More Than 50% a Year — and the State Just Slammed the Door on the 'Rent-a-Bank' Trick Lenders Used to Dodge the Cap.

In much of America a two-week payday loan carries an annual rate of 300%, 400%, even higher. Minnesota caps small payday loans at 50% APR, caps larger consumer loans at 36%, and — the sophisticated part — its 2023 anti-evasion law reaches through the 'rent-a-bank' schemes lenders use to pretend they're someone else. Here's how the protection actually works.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

In January, Minnesota Starts Paying People to Take Family and Medical Leave. Here's What's Actually Coming.

Beginning January 1, 2026, nearly every Minnesota worker is covered by state-run paid family and medical leave — up to 20 weeks a year for a new baby, a serious illness, or caring for a dying parent. It's a state stepping in where the country never has. Here's how it works, what it costs, and why the rollout deserves both support and scrutiny.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

If You Signed a Non-Compete in Minnesota, It's Almost Certainly Void. Most Workers Have No Idea.

Since July 1, 2023, Minnesota law makes nearly every employment non-compete 'void and unenforceable.' It's one of the strongest worker-freedom laws in the country — one of only a few states to ban them outright — and the federal government just tried and failed to do the same. Here's what it does, and the loophole it leaves open.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

A 26-Year-Old Died Rationing Insulin. Minnesota Passed a Law Making It Free in an Emergency — and the Drug Companies Sued, Claiming Their Property Was Being Taken.

The Alec Smith Insulin Affordability Act guarantees a Minnesotan in urgent need a 30-day insulin supply for a $35 co-pay, and a longer safety net for the low-income uninsured. The insulin makers went to federal court arguing the mandate is an unconstitutional 'taking' of their property. The case is still unresolved — and the program is still saving lives.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

When Two Hospital Systems Want to Merge in Minnesota, the Attorney General Now Gets to Look Under the Hood First. Here's the Job I'm Running For.

A 2023 law requires big Minnesota health-care mergers to be reported and reviewed — and routes the largest deals to the Attorney General before they close. In a state where hospital consolidation keeps driving up prices and closing rural services, that's a real lever. The question is whether the person holding it will use it.

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From Dave

What the Uniform Teaches a Prosecutor — and Why Anders Folk's Service Matters Now

Anders Folk went on active duty as a Marine judge advocate after September 11th. I was an Air Force JAG officer. Here is what that training does to a lawyer, why I weigh Folk's military service so heavily for Hennepin County Attorney, and why the federal relationships it built are exactly the kind of connection Minnesota needs in times like these.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

If You Go Bankrupt in Minnesota, the Law Lets You Keep a $10,000 Car and $1,500 of 'Anything Else.' It's Time to Raise the Floor.

Minnesota's homestead exemption is generous. Its everyday-property exemptions — the car, the tools of your trade, the bank-account 'wild card' — are thin and lag inflation. This is the companion argument to the homestead series: an exemption too low doesn't collect more debt, it just strips a struggling family of the things it needs to recover and get back to work.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Seventy Percent of Debt Lawsuits Are Won Without the Person Ever Showing Up. Then the Judgment Follows Them for a Decade.

A debt buyer pays four cents on the dollar for your old account, sues, wins by default because you didn't know to show up, and gets a judgment that lasts ten years — renewable to twenty. Minnesota actually fixed some of the worst parts. Here's what it got right, and the gap that's left.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Who Owns Minnesota? The Honest Answer Is Less Scary and More Interesting Than the Slogans.

Foreign investors hold 1.9 percent of Minnesota farmland — below the national average, and Chinese holdings total 442 acres. But we have a 1977 law against it that has apparently never been enforced, a half-built steel mill that taught us what leverage looks like, and a states'-rights toolbox most politicians treat as a bumper sticker. The verified ledger.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

If You Believe in States' Rights, You Should Understand the Oldest and Strongest Sovereignty in Minnesota — the Eleven Nations Within It.

Minnesota's eleven tribal nations aren't a subcategory of state government; they are separate sovereigns that predate the state and, in law, outrank it. They opened the first legal cannabis dispensaries two years before the state market, hold treaty rights the Supreme Court has upheld, and are getting land back. A respectful, accurate accounting.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

That '0% Solar Financing' Isn't Free. There's a Fee of Up to 50% Hidden in the Loan — and You'll Never See It on the Paperwork.

The panels are fine. The financing is the scam. Federal regulators found solar 'dealer fees' of 10 to 50 percent baked invisibly into the loan, so a financed buyer pays thousands more than a cash buyer for the identical system. Minnesota already gives you a 3-day right to cancel a door-to-door solar sale. Here's how to use it.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Five Minnesota Counties Have Almost No Lawyers. One Couldn't Field a Candidate for County Attorney Because Nobody Qualified Lives There.

Minnesota has 4.6 lawyers per 1,000 people statewide — but 9.2 in the metro and 2.3 outside it, with five northern counties in true 'legal desert' territory. Meanwhile 92 percent of low-income Americans' civil legal problems get no real help. The shortage, and the recruitment model that's actually working next door.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

A Minnesota Public Defender Handles Roughly 280 Cases a Year. The National Standard Says That's About Three Times Too Many.

Public defenders represent 80 to 90 percent of everyone charged with a crime in Minnesota — the constitutional guarantee from Gideon made real. They do it about 150 attorneys short of national standards, for $20,000 less than the prosecutors across the aisle, while cases in some counties now take a year to reach a first hearing.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Passed One of America's Strongest Privacy Laws. In Its First Year, We Can't Find a Single Enforcement Action.

The law gives Minnesotans a right most states don't have — to demand why an algorithm decided against you, and the list of every company your data went to. But only the Attorney General can enforce it, there's no private right of action, and other states with weaker laws are bringing cases while ours stays silent.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Police Flew Drones 9,080 Times Last Year. We Know That — Because Minnesota Wrote a Law That Works.

Most surveillance happens in the dark. Minnesota's drone law forces every department to report every flight, and the state publishes it. That transparency is a model worth defending — and it's also how we can see that a 'warrant required' law now runs on 9,080 warrantless flights a year, just as the company behind the license-plate cameras starts selling drones that launch on 911 calls.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

3M Made 'Forever Chemicals' in Minnesota and Paid Us $850 Million. The State's Own Books Already Show It Won't Be Enough.

PFAS have contaminated the drinking water of Minnesota's east metro. 3M's landmark settlement is funding the cleanup — but the state's own spending reports show the money running short, with a cost-overrun reallocation already planned. Minnesota also passed one of the strongest PFAS bans in the country. What it does, and who pays next.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

You've Heard That Public Pensions Are a Time Bomb. Minnesota's Are Among the Healthiest in the Country — and the State Is Now *Raising* Benefits.

The scary national story about public pensions mostly isn't Minnesota's story. The state's largest fund is 95% funded and climbing, the actuary uses conservative assumptions on purpose, and Minnesota is confident enough to be increasing retiree COLAs. This is what it looks like when a state fixes a problem before it becomes a crisis — with one real pressure point left to watch.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Is Getting $633 Million From the Opioid Settlements. Some of It Bought Police K-9s. Here's the Ledger.

Minnesota promised to publicly report 100 percent of its opioid-settlement spending — one of only 20 states to do so, and a real bright spot. But the receipts already show drift: money meant to save lives spent on drug dogs and a debunked fentanyl-detection device. What works, what doesn't, and why the tracking matters.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Protected the Family Home Without Limit for 135 Years. Then One Bankrupt Doctor Changed the Law. It's Time to Change It Back.

From 1858 to 1993, no creditor could take a Minnesota family's homestead no matter its value — and our own Supreme Court held that was constitutional. Then a physician tried to shelter $700,000 on the eve of bankruptcy, and the Legislature capped everyone. The federal fix that makes the abuse impossible today, the economics on both sides, and why Minnesota should return to its own tradition.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota's Law Requires 100% Carbon-Free Power by 2040. The Same Law Has an Off-Ramp Most People Have Never Heard Of.

The reliability fight over Minnesota's clean-energy mandate is louder than it is honest. The 2040 law contains a mandatory off-ramp: the PUC 'shall' delay the standard if reliability is at risk. Minnesota is already 51% carbon-free. The real question isn't the deadline — it's transmission and what happens on the coldest night of the year.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

A Cop in Texas Searched 83,000 Cameras Nationwide for a Woman Who Had an Abortion. Some of Them Were in Minnesota's Suburbs.

Thirty agencies searched Twin Cities suburbs' license-plate cameras for immigration enforcement. Fridley's cameras were searched 390,000 times in a month. Minnesota has one of the strongest ALPR laws in the country — and it's how we found out. The gaps, and the fix.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Stopped Taking People's Licenses Over Unpaid Fines. It Still Adds $75 to Every Conviction — Even a Petty Ticket.

In 2021 Minnesota did the right thing and ended debt-based license suspension. But a flat $75 surcharge still lands on every conviction down to a petty misdemeanor — where it can dwarf the fine itself — and court debt as small as $25 triggers a tax-refund seizure. How the system makes being poor expensive.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

To Scan Your Face, Target Needs Your Consent. The Police Need Nothing.

Minnesota's new privacy law makes your face 'sensitive data' a company can't use without permission. Then it exempts the government entirely. So the mall that scans you must ask; the police running facial recognition on the same face don't. The gap, the wrongful arrests, and the fix.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

There Are Companies That Know You're Depressed, Diabetic, and Behind on Your Bills — and Sell It for 12 Cents. Minnesota Can't Make Them Stop.

Data brokers hold thousands of data points on nearly every American, sort us into segments like 'Rural and Barely Making It,' and sell mental-health and military-personnel data for pennies. California built a one-button 'delete me from all of them.' Minnesota's new privacy law forgot to.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

He Sold the Same Houses Over and Over to Somali Families. A Jury Just Called It What It Was.

A contract for deed can strip a family's entire investment after one missed payment — no foreclosure, no redemption, no surplus. One Minnesota seller ran that play on about 160 Muslim buyers, marketing it as 'sharia-compliant.' A jury found him liable this June. And in 2024 Minnesota finally rewrote the law.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

You Think You Spend $86 a Month on Subscriptions. It's $219. Minnesota Just Made It Legal to Get Out.

A federal court that covers Minnesota struck down the FTC's 'click to cancel' rule six days before it took effect. But Minnesota passed its own — and it's strong. What the law actually requires, the retention-gauntlet tactics it bans, and the one weak spot that keeps it from having teeth.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Under the Old System, It Would Have Taken 173 Years to Clear Minnesota's Eligible Records. The New One Did 1.9 Million in About a Year.

For years, only 5 percent of eligible Minnesotans ever cleared a record that was blocking their job and their housing — because you had to hire a lawyer and petition. Minnesota made it automatic. This is what a government program looks like when it actually delivers — and the one gap that still lets old records haunt people.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesotans Wagered $4.9 Billion on Pull-Tabs Last Year. The Charities Kept 20 Cents on the Dollar. The State Kept More Than They Did.

Minnesota has the largest charitable-gambling industry in the country, and it's booming. But the state's own numbers show taxes taking a bigger slice than the charitable missions the whole thing is supposed to fund — while $200 statewide went to problem-gambling programs against $195 million in gambling tax.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Made Wage Theft a Felony in 2019. Prosecutors Have Charged It Twice.

Stolen wages cost American workers more than all robbery, burglary, and car theft combined. Minnesota passed one of the toughest wage theft laws in the country — and got its first conviction six years later, against a painting contractor who underpaid five workers on a publicly funded job.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Keeps Two Sets of Books. Only One of Them Has to Balance.

The state projects a $377 million surplus for 2028–29 — and a $2.05 billion structural deficit for the same years. Both are official. Both are correct. Here's why, what the record surplus actually was, and the honest version of an argument both parties are half-right about.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota's Roads Are in Good Shape Today. The State's Own Projections Show Them Falling Apart by 2035.

MnDOT beats every current pavement and bridge target — and projects the share of state highways in poor condition rising tenfold in a decade. A $15–20 billion gap, a delivery fee that raised $19.9 million, a light-rail line that went from $1.25 billion to $2.86 billion, and the safety number nobody expected.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

A Nurses' Union Bought $2.6 Million of Hospital Debt for $28,000. That's What Your Medical Bill Is Actually Worth.

One cent on the dollar. Meanwhile Minnesota now has 0.25 percent of consumers carrying medical debt in collections against a national 3.22 percent — one of the clearest policy successes in the state. Here's what actually caused it, what a federal court undid, and the honest evidence on debt relief.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Has Lost a Third of Its Nursing Home Beds. The Age Wave Arrives in Four Years.

Thirty-eight thousand beds became twenty-five thousand. Red Lake County has none at all. Hospitals report 195,000 patient-days a year for people who are well enough to leave and have nowhere to go — $487 million of unpaid care. And the state agency that pays for it says it does not know whether these facilities are losing money.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

650 Iron Range Miners Were Laid Off. Their Benefits Ran Out in May. Everyone Is Still Arguing About a Different Mine.

Taconite production fell six million tons in a year, two plants idled, and extended unemployment expired on May 24. Meanwhile the copper-nickel fight enters its second decade. The numbers on both, and the arguments from both sides in their own words — including labor's, and a DFL senator's.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Gives You a Right to Sue Your Roofer. It Gives You Almost Nothing Against Your Insurer.

State Farm paid a $5,000 penalty for failing to handle auto glass claims on time. Minnesota's bad-faith statute caps recovery at $250,000, can't be pleaded in the complaint, excludes health insurers entirely, and makes the state's own findings inadmissible. What the law actually gives a policyholder — and what it doesn't.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota's Immigrants Are 8.4% of the People and 10.8% of the Workforce. Here's the Rest of the Math.

The workforce numbers, the $6.2 billion in taxes, what a single enforcement operation cost Lake Street businesses, and the part nobody covers: immigrant Minnesotans are among the most defrauded consumers in this state, and the law meant to protect them is barely used.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota's Largest Graduating Class in History Is This Year's. It's Downhill From Here.

The class of 2026 is the peak — 67,286 seniors — and the number falls for fifteen years after. Meanwhile tuition is about to overtake state support for the first time, a free-tuition program served five times its projection, and the Legislature just repealed the requirement to measure whether it worked.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Nobody Reads the Contract. The Law Pretends You Did. Everyone Knows It's a Joke.

One or two people out of a thousand open the terms. The average sign-up contract is written above a college sophomore's reading level. And when researchers measured what disclosure actually accomplishes, the answer was $71 million a year against $11.9 billion from simply banning the fees. The receipts on America's most convenient legal fiction.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Legalized Cannabis. Then Charged 3,500 People Under a Law Almost Nobody Was Told About.

Sixteen licensed retailers. Twelve social-equity licenses out of 506 applicants. And more than 3,500 charges for cannabis in a car since legalization — under a traffic provision that appears nowhere in the cannabis act, with 42 percent of those charged in Hennepin County being Black in a county that is 13 percent Black.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota's Real Brain-Drain Problem Is 18 Years Old and Picking a College

The state's own demographers say Minnesota loses 8,800 teenagers a year — mostly to border-state colleges — while actually gaining college graduates on net. The workforce math, the honest strengths ledger, and the retention playbook that the data supports.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Who Owns Minnesota's Rentals? Increasingly, Someone in Another State

Out-of-state ownership of Twin Cities rental homes went from under 3 percent to one in five. Eviction filings are running at record pace. Here's the Federal Reserve's ownership data, the University of Minnesota's eviction research, the AG enforcement docket — and the rights renters got in 2023-24 that most don't know they have.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesotans Started a Record 73,000 Businesses Last Year. Here's What It Costs Them to Stay Open.

Business formation is at a record high, small firms produced 88.7 percent of Minnesota's net job growth — and swipe fees, new payroll mandates, and one-in-three empty downtown offices are squeezing the margin. Main Street economics, with both sides on the record.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Nobody Is Running for County Attorney in Red Lake County. No Lawyer Lives There.

Farm income fell 88 percent in two years before a partial rebound. Minnesota lost 1,300 farms in one year. Chapter 12 bankruptcies quadrupled. And yet rural Minnesota is gaining people. The honest ledger on Greater Minnesota's economy — and what actually works.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Is Crime Up or Down in Minnesota? Both Sides Are Wrong — Here Are the Numbers

Murders down three straight years from the 2021 peak. Carjackings down 45 percent. Fraud offenses now outnumber all violent crime combined — with single-digit clearance rates. Minnesota public safety by the actual data, plus the strategies with proven results.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Why Your Property Taxes Keep Jumping — and Where the Money Actually Goes

Minnesota's 2026 levies rose $873 million — the sharpest climb since 2008 — and Minneapolis has proposed 11.3% for 2027. The documented drivers: federal cost shifts, personnel and insurance inflation, and empty office towers pushing the burden onto homeowners. Plus the relief programs most eligible Minnesotans never claim.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Half of Minnesota's Kids Can't Read at Grade Level. Here's What the Data Says About Fixing It.

Third-grade reading proficiency has fallen four years running, to 45.9 percent. One in four students is chronically absent. But Mississippi went from 49th to 9th in fourth-grade reading — and Minnesota just adopted the same playbook. The numbers, the economics, and the honest scorecard.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Are Minnesota's High Earners Leaving? What the Data Actually Shows

We pulled the IRS's own migration files and the Census Bureau's own population estimates. The honest answer: yes, Minnesota lost high-income households for years — and the story just changed. Here's what the numbers say, both sides of the argument, and what would actually help.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Who Decides If Your Hospital Survives? Minnesota's Consolidation Wave, By the Numbers

Fourteen closure or cutback hearings in under three years. Premiums up 21 percent in one year. A 20 percent claim-denial rate that fewer than 1 percent of patients appeal. What's happening to Minnesota healthcare — and the legal tools the state just started using.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Your Electric Bill, the Data-Center Boom, and Who Pays for What

Data centers wanting as much power as every Minnesota household combined are coming. Minnesota passed a first-in-the-nation ratepayer-protection law — here's what's actually in it, what the rate cases show, and the one deadline that decides whether your bill is protected.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

Minnesota Seniors Lost $111 Million to Fraud Last Year — Double the Year Before

FBI data show reported internet-fraud losses by older Minnesotans jumped from $52 million to $111 million in a single year. Here's who's taking the money, how the scams actually work, and the protection playbook with proven results — including the crypto-ATM ban that just took effect.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

What Fraud Actually Costs Minnesota — and What a Dollar of Oversight Buys

The court-established numbers, the disputed estimates, the audit warnings that went unheeded, and the documented return on real enforcement — $4.64 back for every dollar spent. The full accounting of Minnesota's fraud crisis, sourced end to end.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

The $650 Tax You Never Voted For

Junk fees, credit-report errors, and debt collectors chasing debts people don't owe — the everyday economics of consumer harm in Minnesota, what the federal retreat of 2025 changed, and the receipts showing that enforcement pays for itself.

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Minnesota by the Numbers

The Affordability Squeeze: Five Bills Eating the Minnesota Paycheck

Housing, childcare, health insurance, utilities, and home and auto insurance — the documented numbers on what life in Minnesota actually costs now, and the fixes with real evidence behind them.

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Minnesota Fraud Didn't Happen Overnight

Every large fraud case eventually ends up in a courtroom. What gets less attention is everything that happened before the first search warrant was served. Minnesota's own Legislative Auditor concluded that oversight failed. Minnesotans deserve an AG who will make sure it never happens again.

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Press Release

"People Power" Unless You're a Challenger

The DFL informed Dave Madgett that he would not be permitted to enter the convention floor. Not to speak. Not to sit. Not to enter. The only candidate challenging Ellison for Attorney General was shut out while Ellison posted about "people power."

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Look at Who They're Running

Ron Schutz is tailor-made to destroy Ellison. He is a Forbes Top 200 lawyer, a Fellow of the American College of Trial Lawyers, Army JAG, and a board member of the organization that published the Feeding Our Future audio. Every priority on his website is a weapon aimed at one person.

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Nine Billion Dollars. Where Was the AG?

The Trump administration announced another round of fraud charges in Minnesota. Fifteen more people charged. Ninety million more dollars stolen from Medicaid. Federal prosecutors now estimate that fraud in Minnesota could exceed nine billion dollars. Why did federal prosecutors have to step in?

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Why I'm Running for Attorney General

The Attorney General is the People's Lawyer, and this office needs a prosecutor, not a politician. Dave Madgett on why he ran for Minnesota Attorney General in 2026.

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Minnesota's Fraud Crisis: The Numbers Don't Lie

From Feeding Our Future to healthcare fraud schemes, federal prosecutors estimate fraud in Minnesota programs could exceed $9 billion. The AG's office was supposed to be the last line of defense. What went wrong?

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Consumer Protection Is Personal

After nearly two decades helping Minnesotans fight identity theft, predatory lending, and consumer fraud, Dave Madgett knows these cases inside and out. He will bring that experience to the AG's office on day one.

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